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G. Retscher, M. Zhu, K. Zhang:
"RFID Positioning";
in: "Ubiquitous Positioning and Mobile Location-Based Services in Smart Phones", R. Chen (ed.); IGI Global, Hershey, PA, USA, 2012, (invited), ISBN: 978-1-4666-1827-5, 69 - 95.

This chapter investigates the techniques and algorithms for low-cost and portable ubiquitous indoor/outdoor personal positioning systems that use Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based multi-sensor integration. This includes, for example, integrating RFID with Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Navigation System (INS) and/or GNSS. Different positioning scenarios and technologies are discussed and assessed. Their principles of operation and the factors that affect signal strength measurements are analysed in detail. This is followed by an in-depth investigation of the achievable positioning accuracies and the corresponding application scenarios. Results of static and kinematic experiments conducted in indoor and outdoor environment show that positioning accuracies at the metre level can be achieved using RFID based integrated systems. The algorithms developed can be readily deployed in portable multi-sensor positioning systems for LBS.

Cellular Positioning, GNSS, INS (Inertial navigation Systems), Lateration, Location Fingerprinting, Multi-sensor Integration, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), Signal Propagation