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G. Retscher:
"Selected systems for Indoor and Pedestrian Navigation";
Talk: IGNSS 2007 Conference, Sydney, Australia; 2007-12-04 - 2007-12-06; in: "IGNSS 2007 Conference", (2007), Paper ID 7, 11 pages.

Within the last decade navigation systems have become popular. Especially in outdoor environments location-based services (LBS) play an important role for supporting the way-finding process. Vehicle drivers have started to trust in the information provided by car navigation systems and even pedestrians are gaining interest in reliable guiding instructions. Most of the available systems on the market, however, are limited to outdoor areas, whereas way-finding within buildings has mostly been neglected so far. Merely some museums and exhibitions offer digital guiding services to their customers. Even though the range of some positioning sensors may be sufficient for navigation tasks, they are rarely available within buildings and hardly ever fulfil the minimum conditions concerning cost. Firstly in our research available indoor location systems have been analyzed and their performance was investigated. For some of these systems (e.g. using infrared and ultrasonic signals), however, the user has to expect high costs as an installation of a large number of sensors is required in the building. One approach to reduce costs is the use of already availabel wireless infrastructure such as Wireless Local Area Networks (WiFi). Such a positioning system has been installed in an office building of the Vienna University of Technology and can be employed for location determination of user´s which are equipped with WiFi enabled mobile devices. As an alternative the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags at selected known points, so-called active landmarks, is currently investigated. Then the user can be located using cell-based positioning if he is in the read range of such a tag. Currently the deployment of such a concept in our office building and in the surrounding outdoor environment is investigated. In addition, a combination with WiFi and dead reckoning shall be performed in the near future to provide continuous position determination of a user.

Project Head Georg Gartner:
Ubiquitäre Kartographie für Fußgängernavigation