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N. Pfeifer, C. Briese:
"Geometrical Aspects of Airborne and Terrestrial Laser Scanning";
Keynote Lecture: ISPRS Workshop Laser Scanning 2007, Espoo, Finland (invited); 2007-09-12 - 2007-09-14; in: "IAPRS", XXXVI Part 3 / W52 (2007), ISSN: 1682-1777; 9 pages.

This paper reviews the current state of laser scanning from airborne and terrestrial platforms for geometric reconstruction of object
shape and size. The current performance figures of sensor systems are presented in an overview. Next, their calibration and the
orientation of the acquired point clouds is discussed. For airborne deployment this is usually one step, whereas in the terrestrial
case laboratory calibration and registration of point clouds are (still) two distinct, independent steps. As laser scanning is an active
measurement technology, the interaction of the emitted energy with the object surface has influences on the range measurement. This
has to be considered in order to explain geometric phenomena in the data. While the problems, e.g. multiple scattering, are understood
well, there is currently a lack of remedies. Then, in analogy to the processing chain, segmentation approaches for laser scanning data
are reviewed. Segmentation is a task relevant for almost all applications. Likewise, DTM (digital terrain model) reconstruction is
relevant for many applications of airborne laser scanning, and is therefore discussed, too. This paper reviews the main processing steps
necessary for many applications of laser scanning.

Airborne Laser Scanning, Terrestrial Laser Scanning, LiDAR, Geometry, Orientation, Registration, Segmentation,

http://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/pub-geo_1935.pdf