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B. Martinez-Asenjo, A. Frank:
"An Economic Overview of European NMAs Transformation from Government Departments into Public Corporations";
Geoinformatics, Jan/Feb (2002).

In Europe National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) are generally parts of the public sector. But why does the public sector intervene in an economic activity as, for example, in the production and collection of geodata? Currently NMAs are experiencing transformation pressure in Europe. Political and economic authorities want to achieve an industry with a more competitive structure. In industries, like the production and collection of geodata, with high levels of sunk costs, it is not evident that privatization will help to increase competition.

http://aleph.ub.tuwien.ac.at/F?base=tuw01&func=find-c&ccl_term=AC04404195

ftp://ftp.geoinfo.tuwien.ac.at/martinez/economic_overview_martinez_geoinformatics.pdf